What is a hysterosalpingography (HSG) and why is it done? Repeated miscarriages, the long-awaited news of a baby that never comes, or suspicion of cancer… HSG is one of the main imaging methods used to find out the causes of these issues and to start treatment.

Sometimes it is used to identify causes of infertility, and sometimes to open blocked tubes to increase the chance of pregnancy. With advances in medicine, this procedure is now performed very comfortably.

What is Hysterosalpingography (HSG)?

Hysterosalpingography, also called hysterosalpingogram or uterine film, is a procedure in which a special radiopaque fluid is introduced through the cervix into the uterus to visualize the uterine cavity and fallopian tubes. This method is used to detect possible narrowing, widening, or blockage in the fallopian tubes.

It is also applied to detect uterine shape abnormalities, fibroids, polyps, or to evaluate congenital problems.

With modern medical advances, this procedure is carried out with high comfort and is mostly painless. It is also performed before IVF or insemination treatments.

Additionally, since the HSG procedure can partially open blocked tubes, it increases the chances of getting pregnant.

When is Hysterosalpingography performed?

It is mostly done to investigate the cause of infertility. This method is used to visualize the uterine canals that allow the meeting and union of egg and sperm. It is also used to:

• Identify causes of repeated miscarriages
• See blockage in the canals
• Assess condition after uterine surgery
• Detect problems that could prevent implantation of a fertilized egg

How is the hysterosalpingography performed?

The patient lies on the gynecological examination table in the birthing position. She pulls her legs towards herself and is covered with a sterile drape. A speculum is inserted to visualize the cervix.

Then, a solution is applied to neutralize microorganisms inside the uterus, preparing a suitable environment for imaging. A thin catheter is inserted into the cervical canal, and a fluid is injected. The fluid moves through the uterus and fallopian tubes, and X-ray images are taken at the appropriate time.

What precautions should be taken after the procedure?

Since a pressurized fluid is injected, it may cause slight sensitivity in the uterus. Therefore, sexual intercourse is not recommended for 48 hours after the procedure. Additionally, extra care should be taken with genital hygiene to prevent possible infections and allergic reactions.