Cancer surgeries are also handled with different surgical approaches. In addition to classical open surgeries, laparoscopic and robotic surgeries, which are considered the most important achievements of modern medicine, are among the approaches used in cancer surgeries.

The surgical techniques applied for each cancer patient are different. At this point, the course of the disease, the location of the cancer cells, the number of masses, the stage of the cancer and the general health status of the patient are decisive.

An appropriate treatment protocol is created based on the physician’s observations and the patient’s general disease history. Some surgeries are performed for therapeutic purposes, while others are performed for preventive purposes.

In curative surgery, the tumor is removed with some of the surrounding healthy tissue. This is the most classical method. Preventive cancer surgeries are performed when a person has a family history of cancer and is at high risk of developing the cancer in question. For example, if a person has a family history of breast cancer, the person’s breast can be removed to avoid taking a risk.

The surgeries performed for intra-abdominal lymph node sampling in lymphomas are called diagnostic cancer surgeries, and the surgeries performed for examination and sampling of the peritoneum to understand the stage of the cancer are called staging cancer surgeries.

The method used in cancer cases where the tumor has spread widely, especially in ovarian and stage 4 breast cancers, is called tumor volume reduction (debulking) cancer surgeries, while the method applied to prevent continuous venous access by opening a central venous vein to the main vein in the chest is called supportive cancer surgeries and applications.

In addition to all these, laparoscopy, robotic surgery or natural opening surgeries in which small incisions are made are also considered in the minimally invasive category. The important thing here is to start the treatment process under the leadership of a specialist physician who will ensure that the person regains his/her health.

Fibroids, one of the most common benign tumors in women, can bring many health problems. These masses, which develop due to smooth muscle cells, mostly affect women of reproductive age and require surgery for treatment.

Since fibroids are estrogen-dependent, they increase during the reproductive age and especially during pregnancy and start to shrink after menopause. The most effective treatment method for fibroids, in which genetic predisposition plays an important role, is fibroid surgery.

Although they are called tumors, these masses, which are benign tumors, are named depending on which part of the uterus they are formed from. Intramural fibroids are the most common type of fibroids. These tumors, which occur in the muscle wall of the uterus, grow over time and cause the uterus to stretch.

Another type of fibroid is subserosal fibroids, which form in the serosa of the outer layers of the uterus. If subserosal fibroids are supported by a root or stalk, they are called pedunculated fibroids. The rarest type of fibroids are submucosal fibroids, which form in the myometrium, the middle part of the muscle layer of the uterus.

• Heavy and clotted menstrual bleeding
• Severe pain in the groin and back
• Increased frequency of urination
• Pain during sexual intercourse
• Swelling in the lower abdomen
• Abdominal enlargement and bloating

The process of surgically removing fibroids from the body is called fibroid surgery. This surgery, known as myomectomy, can be preferred open or closed. In laparoscopic fibroid surgery, the operation is performed by inserting a camera and various medical equipment from the abdominal cavity through 3-4 holes made in the abdomen. The most important advantage of laparoscopic surgery is that there is no scarring and the recovery time is short.

Open uterine fibroids surgery is performed under general anesthesia. First, a vertical or horizontal incision is made in the lower abdomen. Horizontal incision is preferred for smaller fibroids, usually 7-10 centimeters in length.

Vertical incisions are very rare and are used only to remove very large fibroids. Through the incision, the physician removes the fibroids from the uterine wall and reattaches the muscle layer with surgical sutures. The patient is discharged from the hospital in 1 to 3 days.

Hormone medications that shrink fibroids can be used in the treatment of uterine fibroids, but some conditions require surgical interventions. Surgery is necessary if fibroids cause complaints or interfere with conception. Accordingly, if the patient has excessive menstrual bleeding, if there is bleeding between menstrual periods, or if full emptying is not felt during urination, and most importantly, if the patient plans to have children in the future, then surgery is required.

Postoperative pain is normal and painkillers prescribed by the physician can be used.

Bleeding for 3 to 7 days in the form of spotting is normal.

Discharge from hospital after 1 or 2 days

The recovery time depends on the type of surgery and the person. On average, it can take 2 to 6 weeks.

Patients should avoid heavy lifting and strenuous activities until they are fully recovered.

The duration of the return to sexual life should be decided together with the physician.